CVE Database

Memory corruption while processing a frame request from user.

The application opens the PDF file. JavaScript then rewrites the document to modify the page structure, resulting in the invalidation of the page objects. However, the thumbnails still use the invalid page objects, ultimately causing the application to crash.

Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

The embedded JavaScript in the PDF deleted the pages, making the object invalid. The application attempted to perform a write operation on the invalid pop-up annotations, resulting in the program crashing.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: virt_wifi: remove SET_NETDEV_DEV to avoid use-after-free Currently we execute `SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &priv->lowerdev->dev)` for the virt_wifi net devices. However, unregistering a virt_wifi device in netdev_run_todo() can happen together with the device referenced by SET_NETDEV_DEV(). It can result in use-after-free during the ethtool operations performed on a virt_wifi device that is currently being unregistered. Such a net device can have the `dev.parent` field pointing to the freed memory, but ethnl_ops_begin() calls `pm_runtime_get_sync(dev->dev.parent)`. Let's remove SET_NETDEV_DEV for virt_wifi to avoid bugs like this: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __pm_runtime_resume+0xe2/0xf0 Read of size 2 at addr ffff88810cfc46f8 by task pm/606 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x4d/0x70 print_report+0x170/0x4f3 ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10 kasan_report+0xda/0x110 ? __pm_runtime_resume+0xe2/0xf0 ? __pm_runtime_resume+0xe2/0xf0 __pm_runtime_resume+0xe2/0xf0 ethnl_ops_begin+0x49/0x270 ethnl_set_features+0x23c/0xab0 ? __pfx_ethnl_set_features+0x10/0x10 ? kvm_sched_clock_read+0x11/0x20 ? local_clock_noinstr+0xf/0xf0 ? local_clock+0x10/0x30 ? kasan_save_track+0x25/0x60 ? __kasan_kmalloc+0x7f/0x90 ? genl_family_rcv_msg_attrs_parse.isra.0+0x150/0x2c0 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x1e7/0x2c0 ? __pfx_genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_cred_has_capability.isra.0+0x10/0x10 ? stack_trace_save+0x8e/0xc0 genl_rcv_msg+0x411/0x660 ? __pfx_genl_rcv_msg+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_ethnl_set_features+0x10/0x10 netlink_rcv_skb+0x121/0x380 ? __pfx_genl_rcv_msg+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_netlink_rcv_skb+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_down_read+0x10/0x10 genl_rcv+0x23/0x30 netlink_unicast+0x60f/0x830 ? __pfx_netlink_unicast+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx___alloc_skb+0x10/0x10 netlink_sendmsg+0x6ea/0xbc0 ? __pfx_netlink_sendmsg+0x10/0x10 ? __futex_queue+0x10b/0x1f0 ____sys_sendmsg+0x7a2/0x950 ? copy_msghdr_from_user+0x26b/0x430 ? __pfx_____sys_sendmsg+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_copy_msghdr_from_user+0x10/0x10 ___sys_sendmsg+0xf8/0x180 ? __pfx____sys_sendmsg+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_futex_wait+0x10/0x10 ? fdget+0x2e4/0x4a0 __sys_sendmsg+0x11f/0x1c0 ? __pfx___sys_sendmsg+0x10/0x10 do_syscall_64+0xe2/0x570 ? exc_page_fault+0x66/0xb0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f </TASK> This fix may be combined with another one in the ethtool subsystem: https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/T/#u

RealTerm Serial Terminal 2.0.0.70 contains a structured exception handling (SEH) buffer overflow vulnerability in the Echo Port tab that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a malicious payload. Attackers can craft a buffer overflow payload with a POP POP RET gadget chain and shellcode that triggers code execution when pasted into the Port field and the Change button is clicked.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: usbtmc: Flush anchored URBs in usbtmc_release When calling usbtmc_release, pending anchored URBs must be flushed or killed to prevent use-after-free errors (e.g. in the HCD giveback path). Call usbtmc_draw_down() to allow anchored URBs to be completed.

SGLangs `replay_request_dump.py` contains an insecure pickle.load() without validation and proper deserialization. An attacker can take advantage of this by providing a malicious .pkl file, which will execute the attackers code on the device running the script.

Improper authorization in .NET allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

SEPPmail Secure Email Gateway before version 15.0.3 does not properly authenticate the inner message of S/MIME-encrypted MIME entities, allowing an attacker to control trusted headers.

in OpenHarmony v5.1.0 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through out-of-bounds write. This vulnerability can be exploited only in restricted scenarios.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: fix use-after-free of sbi in f2fs_compress_write_end_io() In f2fs_compress_write_end_io(), dec_page_count(sbi, type) can bring the F2FS_WB_CP_DATA counter to zero, unblocking f2fs_wait_on_all_pages() in f2fs_put_super() on a concurrent unmount CPU. The unmount path then proceeds to call f2fs_destroy_page_array_cache(sbi), which destroys sbi->page_array_slab via kmem_cache_destroy(), and eventually kfree(sbi). Meanwhile, the bio completion callback is still executing: when it reaches page_array_free(sbi, ...), it dereferences sbi->page_array_slab — a destroyed slab cache — to call kmem_cache_free(), causing a use-after-free. This is the same class of bug as CVE-2026-23234 (which fixed the equivalent race in f2fs_write_end_io() in data.c), but in the compressed writeback completion path that was not covered by that fix. Fix this by moving dec_page_count() to after page_array_free(), so that all sbi accesses complete before the counter decrement that can unblock unmount. For non-last folios (where atomic_dec_return on cic->pending_pages is nonzero), dec_page_count is called immediately before returning — page_array_free is not reached on this path, so there is no post-decrement sbi access. For the last folio, page_array_free runs while the F2FS_WB_CP_DATA counter is still nonzero (this folio has not yet decremented it), keeping sbi alive, and dec_page_count runs as the final operation.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: virtio_net: Fix UAF on dst_ops when IFF_XMIT_DST_RELEASE is cleared and napi_tx is false A UAF issue occurs when the virtio_net driver is configured with napi_tx=N and the device's IFF_XMIT_DST_RELEASE flag is cleared (e.g., during the configuration of tc route filter rules). When IFF_XMIT_DST_RELEASE is removed from the net_device, the network stack expects the driver to hold the reference to skb->dst until the packet is fully transmitted and freed. In virtio_net with napi_tx=N, skbs may remain in the virtio transmit ring for an extended period. If the network namespace is destroyed while these skbs are still pending, the corresponding dst_ops structure has freed. When a subsequent packet is transmitted, free_old_xmit() is triggered to clean up old skbs. It then calls dst_release() on the skb associated with the stale dst_entry. Since the dst_ops (referenced by the dst_entry) has already been freed, a UAF kernel paging request occurs. fix it by adds skb_dst_drop(skb) in start_xmit to explicitly release the dst reference before the skb is queued in virtio_net. Call Trace: Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffff80007e150000 CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 6236 Comm: ping Kdump: loaded Not tainted 7.0.0-rc1+ #6 PREEMPT ... percpu_counter_add_batch+0x3c/0x158 lib/percpu_counter.c:98 (P) dst_release+0xe0/0x110 net/core/dst.c:177 skb_release_head_state+0xe8/0x108 net/core/skbuff.c:1177 sk_skb_reason_drop+0x54/0x2d8 net/core/skbuff.c:1255 dev_kfree_skb_any_reason+0x64/0x78 net/core/dev.c:3469 napi_consume_skb+0x1c4/0x3a0 net/core/skbuff.c:1527 __free_old_xmit+0x164/0x230 drivers/net/virtio_net.c:611 [virtio_net] free_old_xmit drivers/net/virtio_net.c:1081 [virtio_net] start_xmit+0x7c/0x530 drivers/net/virtio_net.c:3329 [virtio_net] ... Reproduction Steps: NETDEV="enp3s0" config_qdisc_route_filter() { tc qdisc del dev $NETDEV root tc qdisc add dev $NETDEV root handle 1: prio tc filter add dev $NETDEV parent 1:0 \ protocol ip prio 100 route to 100 flowid 1:1 ip route add 192.168.1.100/32 dev $NETDEV realm 100 } test_ns() { ip netns add testns ip link set $NETDEV netns testns ip netns exec testns ifconfig $NETDEV 10.0.32.46/24 ip netns exec testns ping -c 1 10.0.32.1 ip netns del testns } config_qdisc_route_filter test_ns sleep 2 test_ns

protobufjs-cli is the command line add-on for protobuf.js. Prior to 1.2.1 and 2.0.2, pbts invoked JSDoc by building a shell command string from input file paths and executing it through child_process.exec. File paths containing shell metacharacters could therefore be interpreted by the shell instead of being passed to JSDoc as plain arguments. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.2.1 and 2.0.2.

Wellbia's XIGNCODE3 xhunter1.sys kernel driver Privilege Escalation Vulnerability provides access to IRP_MJ_REITS command interface, which allows any user process to request a PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS. Cross reference to KVE 2023-5589 (https://krcert.or.kr)

There is a memory corruption vulnerability due to an out-of-bounds read when loading a corrupted file in Digilent DASYLab.  This vulnerability may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted file. This vulnerability affects all versions of Digilent DASYLab.

SEPPmail Secure Email Gateway before version 15.0.3 allows account takeover by abusing GINA account initialization to reset a victim account password.

Code execution in AssistFeedbackService of TECNO Pova7 Pro 5G on Android allows local apps to execute arbitrary code as system via command injection.

An Execution with Unnecessary Privileges vulnerability in the User Interface (UI) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a local, low-privileged attacker to gain root privileges, thus compromising the system. When a configuration that allows unsigned Python op scripts is present on the device, a non-root user is able to execute malicious op scripts as a root-equivalent user, leading to privilege escalation.  This issue affects Junos OS:  * All versions before 22.4R3-S7,  * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S4,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S6, * from 24.2 before 24.2R1-S2, 24.2R2,  * from 24.4 before 24.4R1-S2, 24.4R2;  Junos OS Evolved:  * All versions before 22.4R3-S7-EVO,  * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S4-EVO,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S6-EVO, * from 24.2 before 24.2R2-EVO,  * from 24.4 before 24.4R1-S1-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO.

In multiple locations, there is a possible way to reveal images across users due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: chips-media: wave5: Fix Null reference while testing fluster When multi instances are created/destroyed, many interrupts happens and structures for decoder are removed. "struct vpu_instance" this structure is shared for all flow in the decoder, so if the structure is not protected by lock, Null dereference could happens sometimes. IRQ Handler was spilt to two phases and Lock was added as well.

Untrusted pointer dereference in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Privilege escalation via background service of OpenVPN Connect 3.5.1 through 3.8.1 on macOS allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands with elevated privileges via local IPC channel

iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools for working with ICC color management profiles. Prior to 2.3.1.5, there is a stack buffer overflow write in CIccXform3DLut::Apply() corrupting stack memory or crash. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.3.1.5.

Nozomi Networks Labs identified a CWE-23: Relative Path Traversal (Zip Slip) in Waterfall WF-500 RX Host in version 7.9.1.0 R2502171040 that allows attackers with access to the TX Host to execute code on the RX Host when a MySQL connector is configured and file compression is enabled.

iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools for working with ICC color management profiles. Prior to 2.3.1.5, there is a heap-based buffer overflow in icCurvesFromXml() causing heap memory corruption or crash. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.3.1.5.

Dell Repository Manager (DRM), versions prior to 3.4.8, contains an Uncontrolled Search Path Element vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to arbitrary code execution and escalation of privileges.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Azure Linux Virtual Machines allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Ghidra before 12.1 contains a command injection vulnerability in URL annotation handling on Windows where cmd.exe metacharacters are not properly escaped. Attackers can execute arbitrary commands under the Ghidra user's privileges by embedding malicious URLs in program comments that victims click.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfs: avoid dereferencing log items after push callbacks After xfsaild_push_item() calls iop_push(), the log item may have been freed if the AIL lock was dropped during the push. Background inode reclaim or the dquot shrinker can free the log item while the AIL lock is not held, and the tracepoints in the switch statement dereference the log item after iop_push() returns. Fix this by capturing the log item type, flags, and LSN before calling xfsaild_push_item(), and introducing a new xfs_ail_push_class trace event class that takes these pre-captured values and the ailp pointer instead of the log item pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: accel: adxl380: Avoid reading more entries than present in FIFO The interrupt handler reads FIFO entries in batches of N samples, where N is the number of scan elements that have been enabled. However, the sensor fills the FIFO one sample at a time, even when more than one channel is enabled. Therefore,the number of entries reported by the FIFO status registers may not be a multiple of N; if this number is not a multiple, the number of entries read from the FIFO may exceed the number of entries actually present. To fix the above issue, round down the number of FIFO entries read from the status registers so that it is always a multiple of N.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: act_ct: Only release RCU read lock after ct_ft When looking up a flow table in act_ct in tcf_ct_flow_table_get(), rhashtable_lookup_fast() internally opens and closes an RCU read critical section before returning ct_ft. The tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() can complete before refcount_inc_not_zero() is invoked on the returned ct_ft resulting in a UAF on the already freed ct_ft object. This vulnerability can lead to privilege escalation. Analysis from [email protected]: When initializing act_ct, tcf_ct_init() is called, which internally triggers tcf_ct_flow_table_get(). static int tcf_ct_flow_table_get(struct net *net, struct tcf_ct_params *params) { struct zones_ht_key key = { .net = net, .zone = params->zone }; struct tcf_ct_flow_table *ct_ft; int err = -ENOMEM; mutex_lock(&zones_mutex); ct_ft = rhashtable_lookup_fast(&zones_ht, &key, zones_params); // [1] if (ct_ft && refcount_inc_not_zero(&ct_ft->ref)) // [2] goto out_unlock; ... } static __always_inline void *rhashtable_lookup_fast( struct rhashtable *ht, const void *key, const struct rhashtable_params params) { void *obj; rcu_read_lock(); obj = rhashtable_lookup(ht, key, params); rcu_read_unlock(); return obj; } At [1], rhashtable_lookup_fast() looks up and returns the corresponding ct_ft from zones_ht . The lookup is performed within an RCU read critical section through rcu_read_lock() / rcu_read_unlock(), which prevents the object from being freed. However, at the point of function return, rcu_read_unlock() has already been called, and there is nothing preventing ct_ft from being freed before reaching refcount_inc_not_zero(&ct_ft->ref) at [2]. This interval becomes the race window, during which ct_ft can be freed. Free Process: tcf_ct_flow_table_put() is executed through the path tcf_ct_cleanup() call_rcu() tcf_ct_params_free_rcu() tcf_ct_params_free() tcf_ct_flow_table_put(). static void tcf_ct_flow_table_put(struct tcf_ct_flow_table *ct_ft) { if (refcount_dec_and_test(&ct_ft->ref)) { rhashtable_remove_fast(&zones_ht, &ct_ft->node, zones_params); INIT_RCU_WORK(&ct_ft->rwork, tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work); // [3] queue_rcu_work(act_ct_wq, &ct_ft->rwork); } } At [3], tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() is scheduled as RCU work static void tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work(struct work_struct *work) { struct tcf_ct_flow_table *ct_ft; struct flow_block *block; ct_ft = container_of(to_rcu_work(work), struct tcf_ct_flow_table, rwork); nf_flow_table_free(&ct_ft->nf_ft); block = &ct_ft->nf_ft.flow_block; down_write(&ct_ft->nf_ft.flow_block_lock); WARN_ON(!list_empty(&block->cb_list)); up_write(&ct_ft->nf_ft.flow_block_lock); kfree(ct_ft); // [4] module_put(THIS_MODULE); } tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() frees ct_ft at [4]. When this function executes between [1] and [2], UAF occurs. This race condition has a very short race window, making it generally difficult to trigger. Therefore, to trigger the vulnerability an msleep(100) was inserted after[1]

V-SFT versions 6.2.10.0 and prior contain a stack-based buffer overflow in VS6ComFile!CSaveData::_conv_AnimationItem. Opening a crafted V7 file may lead to arbitrary code execution on the affected product.

OpenClaw before 2026.4.22 derives loopback MCP owner context from spoofable server-issued bearer tokens in request headers. Non-owner loopback clients can present themselves as owner to bypass owner-gated operations by manipulating the sender-owner header metadata.

NVIDIA Megatron Bridge for Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause deserialization of untrusted data. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, data tampering, and information disclosure.

iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools for working with ICC color management profiles. Prior to 2.3.1.5, there is a stack buffer overflow in icFixXml() (strcpy) causing stack memory corruption or crash. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.3.1.5.

A UNIX symbolic link (Symlink) following vulnerability in Fortinet FortiClientLinux 7.4.0 through 7.4.4, FortiClientLinux 7.2.2 through 7.2.12 may allow a local and unprivileged user to escalate their privileges to root.

An issue in the TVicPort64.sys component of EnTech Taiwan TVicPort Product v4.0, File v5.2.1.0 allows attackers to escalate privileges via sending crafted IOCTL 0x80002008 requests.

Dell Alienware Command Center (AWCC), versions prior to 6.13.8.0, contain a Least Privilege Violation vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Elevation of Privileges.

The application re-enters the document structure via field processing and deletes the current page, and then continues using the field objects obtained before deletion, triggering an illegal read and crashing.

In onNullBinding of HostEmulationManager.java, there is a possible way to launch an activity from the background due to a logic error in the code. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: skbuff: fix missing zerocopy reference in pskb_carve helpers pskb_carve_inside_header() and pskb_carve_inside_nonlinear() both copy the old skb_shared_info header into a new buffer via memcpy(), which includes the destructor_arg pointer (uarg) for MSG_ZEROCOPY skbs. Neither function calls net_zcopy_get() for the new shinfo, creating an unaccounted holder: every skb_shared_info with destructor_arg set will call skb_zcopy_clear() once when freed, but the corresponding net_zcopy_get() was never called for the new copy. Repeated calls drive uarg->refcnt to zero prematurely, freeing ubuf_info_msgzc while TX skbs still hold live destructor_arg pointers. KASAN reports use-after-free on a freed ubuf_info_msgzc: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in skb_release_data+0x77b/0x810 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88801574d3e8 by task poc/220 Call Trace: skb_release_data+0x77b/0x810 kfree_skb_list_reason+0x13e/0x610 skb_release_data+0x4cd/0x810 sk_skb_reason_drop+0xf3/0x340 skb_queue_purge_reason+0x282/0x440 rds_tcp_inc_free+0x1e/0x30 rds_recvmsg+0x354/0x1780 __sys_recvmsg+0xdf/0x180 Allocated by task 219: msg_zerocopy_realloc+0x157/0x7b0 tcp_sendmsg_locked+0x2892/0x3ba0 Freed by task 219: ip_recv_error+0x74a/0xb10 tcp_recvmsg+0x475/0x530 The skb consuming the late access still referenced the same uarg via shinfo->destructor_arg copied by pskb_carve_inside_nonlinear() without a refcount bump. This has been verified to be reliably exploitable: a working proof-of-concept achieves full root privilege escalation from an unprivileged local user on a default kernel configuration. The fix follows the pattern of pskb_expand_head() which has the same memcpy/cloned structure. For pskb_carve_inside_header(), net_zcopy_get() is placed after skb_orphan_frags() succeeds, so the orphan error path needs no cleanup. For pskb_carve_inside_nonlinear(), net_zcopy_get() is placed after all failure points and just before skb_release_data(), so no error path needs cleanup at all -- matching pskb_expand_head() more closely and avoiding the need for a balancing net_zcopy_put().

After JavaScript resetting the form, the synchronization process lacks re-entry protection and object lifecycle verification, resulting in the failure of the control pointer during the traversal process. After the pointer fails, it still continues to dereference, causing the application to crash.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: idxd: Fix possible invalid memory access after FLR In the case that the first Function Level Reset (FLR) concludes correctly, but in the second FLR the scratch area for the saved configuration cannot be allocated, it's possible for a invalid memory access to happen. Always set the deallocated scratch area to NULL after FLR completes.

Allok AVI to DVD SVCD VCD Converter 4.0.1217 contains a structured exception handling (SEH) based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a malicious string in the License Name field. Attackers can craft a payload with junk data, NSEH bypass, SEH handler address, and shellcode that triggers the overflow when pasted into the License Name field and the Register button is clicked, resulting in code execution.

In Load of LoadedArsc.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

In multiple functions, there is a possible desync in persistence due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

After the application opened the PDF, JavaScript deleted the form field object. Subsequently, it attempted to access the invalid object, which caused the application to crash.

A high-severity vulnerability in the deployment of Genetec RabbitMQ that allows a privilege escalation attack.

AGL app-framework-binder (afb-daemon) through v19.90.0 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability in the supervision Do command. The on_supervision_call function in src/afb-supervision.c explicitly nullifies the request credentials by calling afb_context_change_cred(&xreq->context, NULL) before dispatching an attacker-controlled API call via xapi->itf->call(xapi->closure, xreq). The NULL propagation chain through afb-context.c:110 (context->credentials = afb_cred_addref(NULL)) and afb-cred.c:163 (returns NULL when cred is NULL) confirms that credentials are zeroed before the target API executes. The attacker controls both api and verb parameters via JSON input, allowing execution of any registered API with a NULL credential context. APIs that rely on context->credentials for authorization decisions may fail open when receiving NULL credentials, enabling privilege escalation. This vulnerability was introduced in commit abbb4599f0b921c6f434b6bd02bcfb277eecf745 on 2018-02-14.