CVE Database

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in wpWax FormGent formgent allows Path Traversal.This issue affects FormGent: from n/a through <= 1.4.2.

The WP Support Plus Responsive Ticket System WordPress plugin through 9.1.2 does not sanitize user-supplied array keys before using them in a SQL statement, allowing unauthenticated users to perform SQL injection attacks.

Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in maximsecudeal Secudeal Payments for Ecommerce secudeal-payments-for-ecommerce allows Object Injection.This issue affects Secudeal Payments for Ecommerce: from n/a through <= 1.1.

A vulnerability in the Remote Access SSL VPN functionality of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to exhaust device memory resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition to new Remote Access SSL VPN connections. This does not affect the management interface, though it may become temporarily unresponsive. This vulnerability is due to trusting user input without validation. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted packets to the Remote Access SSL VPN server. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device web interface to stop responding, resulting in a DoS condition.

Appium is a cross-platform automation framework for all kinds of apps, built on top of the W3C WebDriver protocol. Prior to 1.1.6, the Appium storage plugin exposes POST /storage/delete, whose handler passes the user-supplied name value directly into path.join(storageRoot, name) and fs.rimraf() without path sanitization, allowing an unauthenticated remote client to escape the storage root with ../ sequences and recursively delete arbitrary writable files or directories. This issue is fixed in version 1.1.6.

Lack of input validation leads to an arbitrary file deletion vulnerability in the autoupdate server mechanism.

SzafirHost verifies the downloaded native library archive with one JarFile parser (reading the Central Directory) but extracts native libraries with JarInputStream parser (reading sequentially from local file headers). An attacker who controls the served archive can insert a malicious DLL/SO/DYLIB as a local-file-header entry between the last legitimate entry and the Central Directory, without adding it to the Central Directory. The signature verifier never sees the injected entry and accepts the archive as validly signed; the extractor reads it sequentially and writes the attacker library to the native temp directory with no hash check), while the archive-size check still passes. This can lead to remote code execution. This issue was fixed in version 1.2.2.

A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to ineffective memory management of the VPN web server. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a large number of&nbsp;crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to reload, resulting in a DoS condition.

A vulnerability in the handling of the embryonic connection limits in Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause incoming TCP SYN packets to be dropped incorrectly. This vulnerability is due to improper handling of new, incoming TCP connections that are destined to management or data interfaces when the device is under a TCP SYN flood attack. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted stream of traffic to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to prevent all incoming TCP connections to the device from being established, including remote management access, Remote Access VPN (RAVPN) connections, and all network protocols that are TCP-based. This results in a denial of service (DoS) condition for affected features.

An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS's CLI could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted CLI command. This vulnerability affects Fireware OS 11.0 up to and including 11.12.4_Update1, 12.0 up to and including 12.12 and 2025.1 up to and including 2026.2.

An authenticated user with the nx-licensing-create privilege can upload a specially crafted license file to execute arbitrary operating system commands as the Nexus process user in Sonatype Nexus Repository 3 versions before 3.92.0.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: mvpp2: sync RX data at the hardware packet offset mvpp2 programs the RX queue packet offset, so hardware writes received data at dma_addr + MVPP2_SKB_HEADROOM. The current CPU sync starts at dma_addr and only covers rx_bytes + MVPP2_MH_SIZE bytes, which syncs the unused headroom and misses the same number of bytes at the packet tail. On non-coherent DMA systems this can leave the CPU reading stale cache contents for the end of the received frame. Use dma_sync_single_range_for_cpu() with MVPP2_SKB_HEADROOM as the range offset so the sync covers the Marvell header and packet data actually written by hardware.

FreePBX is an open source IP PBX. In versions below 16.0.71 and 17.0.6, the backup module does not properly sanitize data during restore operations, potentially leading to compromise if the backup contains carefully crafted hostile data. During backup restore operations, FreePBX extracts selected files from a user-supplied tar archive. If a malicious file exists in the archive, it is read and passed directly to unserialize() without validation, class restrictions, or integrity checks. This issue allows Remote Code Execution during restoration of the backup as the web server user (typically asterisk or www-data). The attack does not require shell access, CLI access, or filesystem write permissions beyond the normal restore workflow. Authentication with a known username that has sufficient access permissions and/or write access to backup files is required. This issue has been fixed in versions 16.0.71 and 17.0.6.

Flight is an extensible micro-framework for PHP. Prior to 3.18.1, Flight::jsonp() concatenates the ?jsonp= query parameter directly into an application/javascript response body without validating that the value is a legal JavaScript identifier. An attacker can inject arbitrary JavaScript that executes in the response origin, enabling reflected cross-site scripting. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.18.1.

The Wertheim SafeController Software, AssemblyVersion 6.15.8328.28014, contains missing authorization checks on multiple web application endpoints. An authenticated attacker with minimal privileges can access endpoints that are not visible in the frontend but remain directly reachable. This allows the attacker to perform restricted actions such as switching the user's branch, uploading arbitrary files, downloading arbitrary files, and viewing details of arbitrary branches.

OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.24 contain an improper path validation vulnerability in sandbox media handling that allows absolute paths under the host temporary directory outside the active sandbox root. Attackers can exploit this by providing malicious media references to read and exfiltrate arbitrary files from the host temporary directory through attachment delivery mechanisms.

Crawl4AI before 0.8.7 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the /crawl, /crawl/stream, /md, and /llm endpoints that fetch arbitrary user-supplied URLs without validation. Unauthenticated attackers can bypass the internal-address blocklist using IPv6-mapped IPv4 addresses to reach internal services and cloud metadata endpoints.

Free5GC is an open-source Linux Foundation project for 5th generation (5G) mobile core networks. Versions prior to 1.4.2 are vulnerable to null byte injection in URL path parameters. A remote attacker can inject null bytes (URL-encoded as %00) into the supi path parameter of the UDM's Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement API. This causes URL parsing failure in Go's net/url package with the error "invalid control character in URL", resulting in a 500 Internal Server Error. This null byte injection vulnerability can be exploited for denial of service attacks. When the supi parameter contains null characters, the UDM attempts to construct a URL for UDR that includes these control characters. Go's URL parser rejects them, causing the request to fail with 500 instead of properly validating input and returning 400 Bad Request. This issue has been fixed in version 1.4.2.

Apple M1 GPUs retain register file data between compute shader dispatches from different processes. A sandboxed Metal attacker app can run a GPU reader shader that reads stale register values left by a separate sandboxed victim app. In the proof of concept, GPUVictim.app generates a fresh random 128-bit secret using SecRandomCopyBytes and loads it into GPU registers. GPUAttacker.app, a separate sandboxed app, recovers the exact secret from stale GPU register state. NOTE: The vendor stated that this behavior affects only legacy hardware and has already been addressed at the hardware level in current-generation Apple Silicon.

Zed is a code editor. Prior to 0.227.1, Zed builds SSH/WSL remote commands as a shell command string that starts with exec env ..., but environment variable keys are inserted without shell quoting or validation. If an attacker can control an environment variable key (for example via project terminal settings), shell expansions in the key (such as $(...)) are evaluated by the remote shell when a terminal is opened. This can lead to arbitrary command execution on the remote host under the victim user's account. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.227.1.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 1.5.95, FileTools.download_file() in praisonaiagents validates the destination path but performs no validation on the url parameter, passing it directly to httpx.stream() with follow_redirects=True. An attacker who controls the URL can reach any host accessible from the server including cloud metadata services and internal network services. This issue has been patched in version 1.5.95.

Config::IniFiles versions before 3.001000 for Perl allow OS command injection and file overwrite via a 2-arg open() of the -file argument in _make_filehandle. Config::IniFiles::_make_filehandle opens a filename argument with Perl's 2-arg open(), so a filename that begins or ends with a pipe ("| cmd", "cmd |") or begins with a redirect ("> path", ">> path") is run as a command or redirect rather than opened as a file. The helper is the open path behind the documented -file argument: new(-file => $thing) reaches it through ReadConfig. An in-memory scalar reference (-file => \$text) does not open a path and is unaffected. Any caller that forwards untrusted input to the -file argument can run an arbitrary command or truncate a file under the process UID.

Dozzle is a realtime log viewer for docker containers. Prior to 10.5.2, in a default dozzle deploy (the documented quickstart, no DOZZLE_AUTH_PROVIDER set), POST /api/notifications/test-webhook is reachable without authentication and forwards an attacker-controlled URL into a WebhookDispatcher that sends an HTTP POST to the supplied URL with attacker-controlled request headers, and returns the response status code AND up to 1MB of the response body to the caller, when the target replies non-2xx. This vulnerability is fixed in 10.5.2.

UBB.threads is vulnerable to Blind SQL Injection, allowing attackers with access to the Members in Control Panel to interact with the underlying database. Due to insufficient input sanitization, an attacker can extract sensitive information, such as user credentials, by manipulating SQL queries through time-based or boolean-based techniques. Because vendor contact attempts were unsuccessful, the vulnerability has only been confirmed in version 7.7.5 but may also affect other versions.

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in e4jvikwp VikBooking Hotel Booking Engine & PMS vikbooking allows Path Traversal.This issue affects VikBooking Hotel Booking Engine & PMS: from n/a through <= 1.8.9.

Fedify is a TypeScript library for building federated server apps powered by ActivityPub. Fedify previously addressed SSRF/internal network access in GHSA-p9cg-vqcc-grcx by adding public URL validation before runtime document and media fetching. However, the IPv4 validation logic present starting in version 0.11.2 and prior to versions 1.9.12, 1.10.11, 2.0.19, 2.1.15, and 2.2.4 appears incomplete. The `validatePublicUrl()` protection relies on `isValidPublicIPv4Address()` to reject non-public IPv4 destinations. The function blocks common private and local ranges such as `10.0.0.0/8`, `127.0.0.0/8`, `169.254.0.0/16`, `172.16.0.0/12`, and `192.168.0.0/16`, but it still treats several special-use, reserved, multicast, benchmarking, and carrier-grade NAT IPv4 ranges as valid public destinations. Because this validation is used as an SSRF defense before outbound fetches, this appears to be an incomplete mitigation or bypass class for the previous SSRF issue. Versions 1.9.12, 1.10.11, 2.0.19, 2.1.15, and 2.2.4 contain an updated patch.

A vulnerability in NLTK versions up to and including 3.9.2 allows arbitrary file read via path traversal in multiple CorpusReader classes, including WordListCorpusReader, TaggedCorpusReader, and BracketParseCorpusReader. These classes fail to properly sanitize or validate file paths, enabling attackers to traverse directories and access sensitive files on the server. This issue is particularly critical in scenarios where user-controlled file inputs are processed, such as in machine learning APIs, chatbots, or NLP pipelines. Exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive files, including system files, SSH private keys, and API tokens, and may potentially escalate to remote code execution when combined with other vulnerabilities.

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, NodeVM supports excluding public network builtins from the wildcard builtin option. With this configuration direct access to http, https, http2, net, dgram, tls, dns, and dns/promises is blocked. However, Node.js also exposes underscored internal HTTP builtins such as _http_client and _http_server. These are not blocked when the public modules are excluded. Sandboxed code can use these internal builtins to make outbound HTTP requests and open listening HTTP sockets even though the public network modules are denied. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Gradio is an open-source Python package designed for quick prototyping. Prior to version 6.6.0, a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Gradio allows an attacker to make arbitrary HTTP requests from a victim's server by hosting a malicious Gradio Space. When a victim application uses `gr.load()` to load an attacker-controlled Space, the malicious `proxy_url` from the config is trusted and added to the allowlist, enabling the attacker to access internal services, cloud metadata endpoints, and private networks through the victim's infrastructure. Version 6.6.0 fixes the issue.

Mailpit is an email testing tool and API for developers. Prior to version 1.29.2, the Link Check API (/api/v1/message/{ID}/link-check) is vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF). The server performs HTTP HEAD requests to every URL found in an email without validating target hosts or filtering private/internal IP addresses. The response returns status codes and status text per link, making this a non-blind SSRF. In the default configuration (no authentication on SMTP or API), this is fully exploitable remotely with zero user interaction. This is the same class of vulnerability that was fixed in the HTML Check API (CVE-2026-23845 / GHSA-6jxm-fv7w-rw5j) and the screenshot proxy (CVE-2026-21859 / GHSA-8v65-47jx-7mfr), but the Link Check code path was not included in either fix. Version 1.29.2 fixes this vulnerability.

A configuration weakness in the device’s remote management service allows an authenticated session to be established over a communication channel intended solely for vehicle-charger signaling. The service is accessible on interfaces exposed through the charging connector, and it accepts a default administrative credential. A malicious device physically connected to the charging interface could leverage this misconfiguration to obtain full administrative access.

Vertex is a management tool for PT (Private Tracker) users to manage streaming and watching videos. Versions prior to commit fbde301b97986d5913fc4bc95f5445750d282e11 are vulnerable to path traversal. Users should upgrade to a version containing commit fbde301b97986d5913fc4bc95f5445750d282e11 to receive a patch.

LocalAI contains an unauthenticated server-side request forgery vulnerability in the POST /models/apply endpoint that allows attackers to fetch arbitrary internal URLs. The endpoint passes unsanitized gallery URL fields directly to gallery.GetGalleryConfigFromURLWithContext without proper validation, enabling attackers to force the server to issue HTTP GET requests to private and loopback ranges with partial response content leaked through error messages.

Agent Zero 0.9.8 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its External MCP Servers configuration feature. The application allows users to define MCP servers using a JSON configuration containing arbitrary command and args values. These values are executed by the application when the configuration is applied without sufficient validation or restriction. An attacker may supply a malicious MCP configuration to execute arbitrary operating system commands, potentially resulting in remote code execution with the privileges of the Agent Zero process.

An attacker with network-level access between the SUSE Virtualization and Rancher Manager in SUSE Harvester before 1.8.0 could interfere with the TLS handshake and abuse it to bypass TLS as a security control.

Sandbox escape due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Telemetry component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 149, Firefox ESR < 115.34, Firefox ESR < 140.9, Thunderbird < 149, and Thunderbird < 140.9.

A missing authentication check in the HTTP server on TP-Link Archer NX200, NX210, NX500 and NX600 to certain cgi endpoints allows unauthenticated access intended for authenticated users. An attacker may perform privileged HTTP actions without authentication, including firmware upload and configuration operations.

SzafirHost verifies the signature of the downloaded JAR file using class JarInputStream (reading from the beginning of the file), but loads classes using class JarFile/URLClassLoader (reading the Central Directory from the end). It can lead to remote code execution by allowing an attacker to combine a genuine, signed JAR file with a malicious ZIP file, causing the verification to pass but the malicious class to be loaded. This issue was fixed in version 1.2.1.

An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS networkd process could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted requests to the Management Web UI.This vulnerability affects Fireware OS 11.8 up to and including 11.12.4_Update1, 12.0 up to and including 12.12 and 2025.1 up to and including 2026.2.

OpenClaw before 2026.4.22 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the Zalo plugin's sendPhoto function that fails to validate outbound photo URLs through the SSRF guard. Attackers can bypass SSRF protection by providing malicious photo URLs to the Zalo Bot API, enabling unauthorized access to internal resources.

Insufficiently protected credentials in Azure DevOps allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the BaseHandler.set trap in bridge.js (line 1231) ignores the receiver parameter and unconditionally writes to the host target object. Per the Proxy set trap specification, when receiver !== proxy (e.g., when a child object inherits from the proxy via Object.create), the property assignment should create an own property on the receiver, not on the proxy target. The current implementation always calls otherReflectSet(object, key, value) against the host target, causing all inherited property writes to leak through to the host object. This bug provides an alternative attack vector for writing dangerous cross-realm Symbol keys (e.g., nodejs.util.promisify.custom) to host objects, bypassing any future per-trap isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol guard on the direct set path. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

In Meari IoT SDK builds embedded in CloudEdge 5.5.0 (build 220), Arenti 1.8.1 (build 220), and white-label Android apps <= 1.8.x (latest observed), multiple security-critical secrets are hardcoded and shared, including API signing material, password-transport keying, and service access keys.

Improper Input Validation in the AMD RAID driver could allow an attacker to point to an arbitrary memory location potentially resulting in privilege escalation and arbitrary code execution.

Froxlor is open source server administration software. In version 2.3.6 and earlier, the LOC record regex uses `\s+` which matches newlines (allowing embedded newlines to pass), TLSA `matchingType=0` has no upper bound on hex data length, and all validators return raw input without zone-file escaping. Version 2.3.7 contains an updated patch.

Allure 2 is the version 2.x branch of Allure Report, a multi-language test reporting tool. The Allure report generator prior to version 2.38.0 is vulnerable to an arbitrary file read via path traversal when processing test results. An attacker can craft a malicious result file (-result.json, -container.json, or .plist) that points an attachment source to a sensitive file on the host system. During report generation, Allure will resolve these paths and include the sensitive files in the final report. Version 2.38.0 fixes the issue.

ColdFusion versions 2023.18, 2025.6 and earlier are affected by an Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary file system read. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to access sensitive files and directories outside the intended access scope. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI's AST-based Python sandbox can be bypassed using type.__getattribute__ trampoline, allowing arbitrary code execution when running untrusted agent code. The _execute_code_direct function in praisonaiagents/tools/python_tools.py uses AST filtering to block dangerous Python attributes like __subclasses__, __globals__, and __bases__. However, the filter only checks ast.Attribute nodes, allowing a bypass. The sandbox relies on AST-based filtering of attribute access but fails to account for dynamic attribute resolution via built-in methods such as type.getattribute, resulting in incomplete enforcement of security restrictions. The string '__subclasses__' is an ast.Constant, not an ast.Attribute, so it is never checked against the blocked list. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.

Gotenberg is a Docker-powered stateless API for PDF files. Prior to 8.32.0, Gotenberg's Chromium URL-to-PDF endpoint (/forms/chromium/convert/url) has no default protection against HTTP/HTTPS-based SSRF. The default deny-list regex only blocks file:// URIs. An unauthenticated attacker can point Chromium at any internal IP — including loopback, RFC 1918 ranges, and cloud metadata endpoints — and receive the response rendered as a PDF. Additionally, even when operators configure a custom deny-list, the protection is bypassed via HTTP redirects. Gotenberg's Chromium instance follows 302 redirects from an attacker-controlled external URL to internal targets without re-validating the redirect destination against the deny-list. This vulnerability is fixed in 8.32.0.

jupyterlab is an extensible environment for interactive and reproducible computing, based on the Jupyter Notebook Architecture. Prior to 4.5.7, JupyterLab's HTML sanitizer allowlists data-commandlinker-command and data-commandlinker-args on button elements, while CommandLinker listens for all click events on document.body and executes the named command without checking whether the element came from trusted JupyterLab UI. A notebook with a pre-saved HTML cell output containing a deceptive button can trigger arbitrary JupyterLab commands - including arbitrary code execution - on a single user click, without any code being submitted for execution by the user. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.7.