Is CVE-2026-4878 actively exploited?

No active exploitation of CVE-2026-4878 has been confirmed so far. Continue monitoring, as exploit status can change.

Can CVE-2026-4878 be exploited remotely?

No. CVE-2026-4878 requires local access to exploit.

What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-4878?

CVE-2026-4878 has a CVSS score of 6.7 (MEDIUM).

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MEDIUM

CVE-2026-4878

CWE-367Published: April 9, 2026· Updated: Apr 13, 2026

6.7

CVSS v3.1

EPSS:0.01%probability of exploitation in 30 daysPercentile:1.3th

Official Description

A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.

NVD Source

Technical Analysis

CVE-2026-4878 requires local access, meaning attackers must already have a foothold on the target system.

Exploitation requires low privileges, which limits the exposure to scenarios where an attacker has already gained initial access.

A successful exploit results in complete confidentiality breach (data exposure), full integrity compromise (data manipulation), availability disruption (denial of service), with a CVSS base score of 6.7.