HOMEVULNERABILITIESCVE-2026-31431
HIGHCISA KEVIN THE WILD

CVE-2026-31431

Published: April 22, 2026· Updated: Apr 27, 2026

7.8
CVSS v3.1
EPSS:0.01%probability of exploitation in 30 daysPercentile:0.6th

Official Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place

This mostly reverts commit 72548b093ee3 except for the copying of

the associated data.

There is no benefit in operating in-place in algif_aead since the

source and destination come from different mappings. Get rid of

all the complexity added for in-place operation and just copy the

AD directly.

NVD Source

Risk Analysis

This high-severity vulnerability in the Linux kernel's algif_aead crypto module involves a reversion to out-of-place operation, which resolves a previous issue. This fix addresses complexity related to in-place operation and direct copying of associated data, which could have security implications. Its inclusion in CISA's KEV catalog indicates confirmed exploitation, making it an urgent concern.

This vulnerability is actively being exploited in the wild, as confirmed by its presence in CISA's KEV. The attack vector is local with low complexity, meaning an attacker needs local access to exploit it.

Recommended Action

Apply the latest Linux kernel updates to resolve this vulnerability. Regularly update and patch your Linux systems to ensure all security fixes are applied.

Generated by the CTIWATCH analysis pipeline from this CVE's metadata (CVSS, EPSS, KEV status, exploit intelligence). Verify against vendor advisories before acting.

Technical Analysis

CVE-2026-31431 requires local access, meaning attackers must already have a foothold on the target system.

Exploitation requires low privileges, which limits the exposure to scenarios where an attacker has already gained initial access.

A successful exploit results in complete confidentiality breach (data exposure), full integrity compromise (data manipulation), availability disruption (denial of service), with a CVSS base score of 7.8.

CISA has added CVE-2026-31431 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, confirming active exploitation in the wild. U.S. federal agencies are required to patch this within the mandated timeframe, and all organizations should treat remediation as urgent.

CVSS v3.1 Vector Breakdown

Exploitability
Attack VectorLocal
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges Req.Low
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged
Impact
ConfidentialityHigh
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityHigh
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected Vendors & Products

Mentioned vendors (from description):
Linux
CPE data not yet available in NVD for this CVE.

Exploit & PoC Resources

ACTIVE EXPLOITATIONConfirmed exploitation in the wild
External links open in a new tab. Always verify in a controlled environment before use.

News & Research Mentioning CVE-2026-31431

Another Universal Linux Local Privilege Escalation (LPE) Vulnerability: Dirty Frag, (Fri, May 8th)
SANS ISC· May 8, 2026

Less than two weeks after the public disclosure of the Copy Fail vulnerability (CVE-2026-31431), another local privilege escalation (LPE) vulnerability in the Linux kernel has been revealed. Referred to as "Dirty Frag," this vulnerability was discovered and reported by Hyunwoo Kim (@v4bel) [1]. In this diary, I will provide a brief background on Dirty Frag, and discuss its relationship to Copy Fail. I will then discuss how to mitigate Dirty Frag and outline recommended next steps for system owners. [xlite_meta score:54 src:SANS ISC xlite_fp:b146e17a40fb95dd247ef1477a8785be186d94194ccd42b26a7570e3d9076886]

Linux Kernel Dirty Frag LPE Exploit Enables Root Access Across Major Distributions
The Hacker News· May 8, 2026

Details have emerged about a new, unpatched local privilege escalation (LPE) vulnerability impacting the Linux kernel. Dubbed Dirty Frag, it has been described as a successor to Copy Fail (CVE-2026-31431, CVSS score: 7.8), a recently disclosed LPE flaw impacting the Linux kernel that has since come under active exploitation in the wild. The vulnerability was reported to Linux kernel maintainers [xlite_meta score:50 src:The Hacker News xlite_fp:10397330961e2566fe30ad59e12dfd9e088b70f257d6c9f77c78eb93d0a63f1a]

Copy Fail: What You Need to Know About the Most Severe Linux Threat in Years
Palo Alto Unit 42· May 5, 2026

Copy Fail (CVE-2026-31431) is a critical Linux kernel LPE that allows stealthy root access. This flaw impacts millions of systems. Read our analysis. The post Copy Fail: What You Need to Know About the Most Severe Linux Threat in Years appeared first on Unit 42. [xlite_meta score:38 src:Palo Alto Unit 42 xlite_fp:b0647c252d2b14b6ef1e5d1ede7c2ede60e9690afd8c9f0f8840b255ece84718]

CISA Adds Actively Exploited Linux Root Access Bug CVE-2026-31431 to KEV
The Hacker News· May 3, 2026

The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) on Friday added a recently disclosed security flaw impacting various Linux distributions to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, citing evidence of active exploitation in the wild. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2026-31431 (CVSS score: 7.8), is a case of local privilege escalation (LPE) flaw that could allow an [xlite_meta score:59 src:The Hacker News xlite_fp:f731480d11cef7640a9d029860fe2890eb64aa2b07bcda55f4147f51baa30850]

CVE-2026-31431: Copy Fail vulnerability enables Linux root privilege escalation across cloud environments
Microsoft Security Blog· May 2, 2026

A high-severity Linux vulnerability, “Copy Fail” (CVE-2026-31431), enables root privilege escalation across cloud environments and Kubernetes workloads. With a working exploit already in the wild, organizations should act quickly to detect, mitigate, and reduce risk. The post CVE-2026-31431: Copy Fail vulnerability enables Linux root privilege escalation across cloud environments appeared first on Microsoft Security Blog. [xlite_meta score:64 src:Microsoft Security Blog xlite_fp:33e38d639fbdf69e8d7ea4afc9f46607cfcb8a55bf3259705364ad1525515236]

Dangerous New Linux Exploit Gives Attackers Root Access to Countless Computers
Wired Security· May 1, 2026

The exploit, dubbed CopyFail and tracked as CVE-2026-31431, allows hackers to take over PCs and data center servers. The Linux vulnerabilities have been patched—but many machines remain at risk.

CISA Adds One Known Exploited Vulnerability to Catalog
CISA Alerts· May 1, 2026

CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation. CVE-2026-31431 Linux Kernel Incorrect Resource Transfer Between Spheres Vulnerability This type of vulnerability is a frequent attack vector for malicious cyber actors and poses significant risks to the federal enterprise. Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the KEV Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB ne [xlite_meta score:48 src:CISA Alerts xlite_fp:18c58f54ea876d7901e27aa8dddc46f6ad92632cf9b4251ab50869dbc5b71df5]

Proof-of-concept exploit available for Linux 'Copy Fail' vulnerability (CVE-2026-31431)
Sophos X-Ops· Apr 30, 2026

Categories: Threat Research Tags: advisory, Linux, Copy Fail [xlite_meta score:36 src:Sophos X-Ops xlite_fp:fe5932324077725b70e4eabc79eee3cced15b71892045295c00df4d8ddb27fe0]

All References (3)

Quick Facts

CVE IDCVE-2026-31431
CVSS Score7.8 / 10
SeverityHIGH
CISA KEVYES — Active Exploitation
ExploitIN THE WILD
EPSS (30d)0.01%
PublishedApr 22, 2026

Known Threat Actors

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financial
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financial
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financial
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financial
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Recommended Actions

  • Apply vendor patches immediately
  • Monitor CVE-2026-31431 in threat intel feeds
  • Review IDS/IPS signatures for exploitation attempts
  • !CISA KEV: Federal agencies must patch per BOD 22-01 timeline
  • !Active exploitation confirmed — treat as P1
Data sourced from NVD (NIST), CISA KEV, and EPSS (FIRST). Analysis generated by CTIWATCH.COM. CVE data is provided under the NVD usage policy.