HOMEVULNERABILITIESCVE-2025-59718
CRITICALCISA KEVIN THE WILD

CVE-2025-59718

Published: December 16, 2025

9.8
CVSS v3.1
EPSS:2.41%probability of exploitation in 30 daysPercentile:84.9th

Official Description

Fortinet FortiOS, FortiSwitchMaster, FortiProxy, and FortiWeb contain an improper verification of cryptographic signature vulnerability that may allow an unauthenticated attacker to bypass the FortiCloud SSO login authentication via a crafted SAML message. Please be aware that CVE-2025-59719 pertains to the same problem and is mentioned in the same vendor advisory. Ensure to apply all patches mentioned in the advisory.

NVD Source

CISA KEV Advisory

Fortinet Multiple Products Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature Vulnerability

Fortinet FortiOS, FortiSwitchMaster, FortiProxy, and FortiWeb contain an improper verification of cryptographic signature vulnerability that may allow an unauthenticated attacker to bypass the FortiCloud SSO login authentication via a crafted SAML message. Please be aware that CVE-2025-59719 pertains to the same problem and is mentioned in the same vendor advisory. Ensure to apply all patches mentioned in the advisory.

Added to KEV: 2025-12-16Federal patch deadline: 2025-12-23
Required Action (CISA)

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Risk Analysis

This critical vulnerability in Fortinet products allows an unauthenticated attacker to bypass FortiCloud SSO login by crafting a malicious SAML message. With a CVSS score of 9.8 and confirmed exploitation in the wild, this flaw poses a significant risk of unauthorized access to affected systems.

This vulnerability is actively being exploited in the wild and is included in CISA's KEV catalog. It is remotely exploitable with low attack complexity.

Recommended Action

Apply all vendor-provided patches for Fortinet FortiOS, FortiSwitchMaster, FortiProxy, and FortiWeb, as mentioned in the advisory, to address the improper cryptographic signature verification.

Generated by the CTIWATCH analysis pipeline from this CVE's metadata (CVSS, EPSS, KEV status, exploit intelligence). Verify against vendor advisories before acting.

Technical Analysis

CVE-2025-59718 can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring physical or adjacent access, significantly expanding the attack surface for threat actors.

The vulnerability requires no privileges and no user interaction, making it a prime target for automated exploitation campaigns and worm-like propagation.

A successful exploit results in complete confidentiality breach (data exposure), full integrity compromise (data manipulation), availability disruption (denial of service), with a CVSS base score of 9.8.

CISA has added CVE-2025-59718 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, confirming active exploitation in the wild. U.S. federal agencies are required to patch this within the mandated timeframe, and all organizations should treat remediation as urgent.

CVSS v3.1 Vector Breakdown

Exploitability
Attack VectorNetwork
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges Req.None
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged
Impact
ConfidentialityHigh
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityHigh
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected Vendors & Products

Mentioned vendors (from description):
Fortinet
CPE data not yet available in NVD for this CVE.

Exploit & PoC Resources

ACTIVE EXPLOITATIONConfirmed exploitation in the wild
External links open in a new tab. Always verify in a controlled environment before use.

All References (3)

Quick Facts

CVE IDCVE-2025-59718
CVSS Score9.8 / 10
SeverityCRITICAL
CISA KEVYES — Active Exploitation
ExploitIN THE WILD
EPSS (30d)2.41%
PublishedDec 16, 2025

Recommended Actions

  • Apply vendor patches immediately
  • Monitor CVE-2025-59718 in threat intel feeds
  • Review IDS/IPS signatures for exploitation attempts
  • !CISA KEV: Federal agencies must patch per BOD 22-01 timeline
  • !Active exploitation confirmed — treat as P1
Data sourced from NVD (NIST), CISA KEV, and EPSS (FIRST). Analysis generated by CTIWATCH.COM. CVE data is provided under the NVD usage policy.