HOMEVULNERABILITIESCVE-2025-45691
HIGH

CVE-2025-45691

Published: March 5, 2026· Updated: Mar 10, 2026

7.5
CVSS v3.1
EPSS:0.05%probability of exploitation in 30 daysPercentile:16.3th

Official Description

An Arbitrary File Read vulnerability exists in the ImageTextPromptValue class in Exploding Gradients RAGAS v0.2.3 to v0.2.14. The vulnerability stems from improper validation and sanitization of URLs supplied in the retrieved_contexts parameter when handling multimodal inputs.

NVD Source

Technical Analysis

CVE-2025-45691 can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring physical or adjacent access, significantly expanding the attack surface for threat actors.

The vulnerability requires no privileges and no user interaction, making it a prime target for automated exploitation campaigns and worm-like propagation.

A successful exploit results in complete confidentiality breach (data exposure), with a CVSS base score of 7.5.

CVSS v3.1 Vector Breakdown

Exploitability
Attack VectorNetwork
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges Req.None
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged
Impact
ConfidentialityHigh
IntegrityNone
AvailabilityNone
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Affected Vendors & Products

vibrantlabsai1 product
ragas
Source: NVD CPE · 1 total CPE entries

Exploit & PoC Resources

NO KNOWN EXPLOITNo public exploit confirmed at this time
Exploit-DB
Offensive Security exploit database
GitHub PoC Search
Community PoC repositories
Rapid7 / Metasploit
Metasploit module search
PacketStorm
Security advisories & exploits
NVD Detail
Official NIST entry
MITRE CVE
CVE Program entry
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Official Patches & Advisories

PATCHhttps://github.com/explodinggradients/ragas/pull/1559
PATCHhttps://github.com/vibrantlabsai/ragas/pull/1991
ADVISORYhttps://adithyanak.com/ragas-v0214-arbitrary-file-read-vulnerability

All References (4)

→
https://adithyanak.com/ragas-v0214-arbitrary-file-read-vulnerabilityExploit · Third Party Advisory
→
https://github.com/explodinggradients/ragas/blob/e97886ac976465efb60e5949c5d69baf30cc811d/src/ragas/prompt/multi_modal_prompt.py#L202Product
→
https://github.com/explodinggradients/ragas/pull/1559Exploit · Issue Tracking · Patch
→
https://github.com/vibrantlabsai/ragas/pull/1991Exploit · Issue Tracking · Patch · Vendor Advisory

Quick Facts

CVE IDCVE-2025-45691
CVSS Score7.5 / 10
SeverityHIGH
CISA KEVNo
EPSS (30d)0.05%
Affected1 vendor
PublishedMar 5, 2026

Recommended Actions

  • →Apply vendor patches immediately
  • →Monitor CVE-2025-45691 in threat intel feeds
  • →Review IDS/IPS signatures for exploitation attempts
Data sourced from NVD (NIST), CISA KEV, and EPSS (FIRST). Analysis generated by CTIWATCH.COM. CVE data is provided under the NVD usage policy.
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