CVE-2025-32433
Published: June 9, 2025
Official Description
Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH server contains a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials, potentially leading to unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in how SSH protocol messages are handled, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems. This vulnerability could affect various products that implement Erlang/OTP SSH server, including—but not limited to—Cisco, NetApp, and SUSE.
CISA KEV Advisory
Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability
Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH server contains a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials, potentially leading to unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in how SSH protocol messages are handled, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems. This vulnerability could affect various products that implement Erlang/OTP SSH server, including—but not limited to—Cisco, NetApp, and SUSE.
Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Risk Analysis
A critical missing authentication vulnerability in the Erlang/OTP SSH server allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials, potentially leading to unauthenticated remote code execution. The high EPSS score of 0.50314 and its presence in CISA's KEV indicate a severe and actively exploited threat.
Active exploitation of this vulnerability has been observed in the wild, and it is listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. The flaw is remotely exploitable without authentication.
Apply security updates for all products that implement the Erlang/OTP SSH server, including those from Cisco, NetApp, and SUSE. Implement strong access controls and monitor SSH server logs for suspicious activity.
Technical Analysis
CVE-2025-32433 requires local access, meaning attackers must already have a foothold on the target system.
Exploitation requires some privileges, which limits the exposure to scenarios where an attacker has already gained initial access.
CISA has added CVE-2025-32433 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, confirming active exploitation in the wild. U.S. federal agencies are required to patch this within the mandated timeframe, and all organizations should treat remediation as urgent.
Affected Vendors & Products
Exploit & PoC Resources
All References (2)
Quick Facts
Recommended Actions
- →Apply vendor patches immediately
- →Monitor CVE-2025-32433 in threat intel feeds
- →Review IDS/IPS signatures for exploitation attempts
- !CISA KEV: Federal agencies must patch per BOD 22-01 timeline
- !Active exploitation confirmed — treat as P1