Is CVE-2025-23168 actively exploited?

No active exploitation of CVE-2025-23168 has been confirmed so far. Continue monitoring, as exploit status can change.

Can CVE-2025-23168 be exploited remotely?

Yes. CVE-2025-23168 is exploitable remotely over the network (CVSS attack vector: Network).

What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-23168?

CVE-2025-23168 has a CVSS score of 8.8 (HIGH).

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HIGH

CVE-2025-23168

CWE-290Published: June 19, 2025· Updated: Jun 17, 2026

8.8

CVSS v3.1

Official Description

The Versa Director SD-WAN orchestration platform implements Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) using One-Time Passcodes (OTP) delivered via email or SMS. Versa Director accepts untrusted user input when dispatching 2FA codes, allowing an attacker who knows a valid username and password to redirect the OTP delivery (SMS/email) to their own device. OTP/TOTP codes are not invalidated after use, enabling reuse by an attacker who has previously intercepted or obtained a valid code. In addition, the 2FA system does not adequately restrict the number or frequency of login attempts. The OTP values are generated from a relatively small keyspace, making brute-force attacks more feasible.

Exploitation Status:

Versa Networks is not aware of any reported instance where this vulnerability was exploited. Proof of concept for this vulnerability has been disclosed by third party security researchers.

Workarounds or Mitigation:

Versa recommends that Director be upgraded to one of the remediated software versions.

NVD Source

Technical Analysis

CVE-2025-23168 can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring physical or adjacent access, significantly expanding the attack surface for threat actors.

Exploitation requires low privileges, which limits the exposure to scenarios where an attacker has already gained initial access.

A successful exploit results in complete confidentiality breach (data exposure), full integrity compromise (data manipulation), availability disruption (denial of service), with a CVSS base score of 8.8.