HOMEVULNERABILITIESCVE-2023-44378
MEDIUM

CVE-2023-44378

CWE-191Published: October 9, 2023· Updated: Jun 17, 2026

5.5
CVSS v3.1

Official Description

gnark is a zk-SNARK library that offers a high-level API to design circuits. Prior to version 0.9.0, for some in-circuit values, it is possible to construct two valid decomposition to bits. In addition to the canonical decomposition of `a`, for small values there exists a second decomposition for `a+r` (where `r` is the modulus the values are being reduced by). The second decomposition was possible due to overflowing the field where the values are defined. Upgrading to version 0.9.0 should fix the issue without needing to change the calls to value comparison methods.

NVD Source

Technical Analysis

CVE-2023-44378 requires local access, meaning attackers must already have a foothold on the target system.

Exploitation requires low privileges, which limits the exposure to scenarios where an attacker has already gained initial access.

A successful exploit results in full integrity compromise (data manipulation), with a CVSS base score of 5.5.

CVSS v3.1 Vector Breakdown

Exploitability
Attack VectorLocal
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges Req.Low
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged
Impact
ConfidentialityNone
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityNone
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Affected Vendors & Products

consensys1 product(s)
gnark
Source: NVD CPE · 1 total CPE entries

Exploit & PoC Resources

NO KNOWN EXPLOITNo public exploit confirmed at this time
Exploit-DB
Offensive Security exploit database
GitHub PoC Search
Community PoC repositories
Rapid7 / Metasploit
Metasploit module search
PacketStorm
Security advisories & exploits
NVD Detail
Official NIST entry
MITRE CVE
CVE Program entry
External links open in a new tab. Always verify in a controlled environment before use.

Official Patches & Advisories

PATCHhttps://github.com/Consensys/gnark/commit/59a4087261a6c73f13e80d695c17b398c3d0934f
PATCHhttps://github.com/Consensys/gnark/security/advisories/GHSA-498w-5j49-vqjg
PATCHhttps://github.com/Consensys/gnark/commit/59a4087261a6c73f13e80d695c17b398c3d0934f
PATCHhttps://github.com/Consensys/gnark/security/advisories/GHSA-498w-5j49-vqjg

All References (6)

→
https://github.com/Consensys/gnark/commit/59a4087261a6c73f13e80d695c17b398c3d0934fPatch
→
https://github.com/Consensys/gnark/security/advisories/GHSA-498w-5j49-vqjgMitigation · Patch · Third Party Advisory
→
https://github.com/zkopru-network/zkopru/issues/116Not Applicable
→
https://github.com/Consensys/gnark/commit/59a4087261a6c73f13e80d695c17b398c3d0934fPatch
→
https://github.com/Consensys/gnark/security/advisories/GHSA-498w-5j49-vqjgMitigation · Patch · Third Party Advisory
→
https://github.com/zkopru-network/zkopru/issues/116Not Applicable

Quick Facts

CVE IDCVE-2023-44378
CVSS Score5.5 / 10
SeverityMEDIUM
WeaknessCWE-191
CISA KEVNo
Affected1 vendor(s)
PublishedOct 9, 2023

Related CVEs (CWE-191)

CVE-2007-0063
10.0
CVE-2021-37706
9.8
CVE-2025-29909
9.8
CVE-2024-23313
9.8
CVE-2025-30356
9.8
CVE-2024-38063
9.8

Recommended Actions

  • →Apply vendor patches immediately
  • →Monitor CVE-2023-44378 in threat intel feeds
  • →Review IDS/IPS signatures for exploitation attempts
Data sourced from NVD (NIST), CISA KEV, and EPSS (FIRST). Analysis generated by CTIWatch. CVE data is provided under the NVD usage policy.
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