Is CVE-2023-2278 actively exploited?

No active exploitation of CVE-2023-2278 has been confirmed so far. Continue monitoring, as exploit status can change.

Can CVE-2023-2278 be exploited remotely?

Yes. CVE-2023-2278 is exploitable remotely over the network (CVSS attack vector: Network).

What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-2278?

CVE-2023-2278 has a CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL).

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CRITICAL

CVE-2023-2278

CWE-22Published: June 13, 2023· Updated: Jun 17, 2026

9.8

CVSS v3.1

Official Description

The WP Directory Kit plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in versions up to, and including, 1.1.9 via the 'wdk_public_action' function. This allows unauthenticated attackers to include and execute arbitrary files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where images and other “safe” file types can be uploaded and included.

NVD Source

Risk Analysis

The WP Directory Kit plugin for WordPress contains a local file inclusion vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code. This critical flaw carries a CVSS score of 9.8, posing a significant risk of full system compromise.

No public exploit is currently known, and the vulnerability is not in the CISA KEV. It is remotely exploitable with low complexity.

Recommended Action

Update the WP Directory Kit plugin to a version beyond 1.1.9. Implement file integrity monitoring and restrict directory access to prevent unauthorized file inclusion.

Generated by the CTIWATCH analysis pipeline from this CVE's metadata (CVSS, EPSS, KEV status, exploit intelligence). Verify against vendor advisories before acting.

Technical Analysis

CVE-2023-2278 can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring physical or adjacent access, significantly expanding the attack surface for threat actors.

The vulnerability requires no privileges and no user interaction, making it a prime target for automated exploitation campaigns and worm-like propagation.

A successful exploit results in complete confidentiality breach (data exposure), full integrity compromise (data manipulation), availability disruption (denial of service), with a CVSS base score of 9.8.