HOMEVULNERABILITIESCVE-2021-4228
HIGH

CVE-2021-4228

CWE-321Published: October 24, 2022· Updated: Jun 17, 2026

7.4
CVSS v3.1

Official Description

Use of hard-coded TLS certificate by default allows an attacker to perform Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks even in the presence of the HTTPS connection. This issue affects: Lanner Inc IAC-AST2500A standard firmware version 1.00.0.

NVD Source

Technical Analysis

CVE-2021-4228 can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring physical or adjacent access, significantly expanding the attack surface for threat actors.

The vulnerability requires no privileges and no user interaction, making it a prime target for automated exploitation campaigns and worm-like propagation.

A successful exploit results in complete confidentiality breach (data exposure), full integrity compromise (data manipulation), with a CVSS base score of 7.4.

CVSS v3.1 Vector Breakdown

Exploitability
Attack VectorNetwork
Attack ComplexityHigh
Privileges Req.None
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged
Impact
ConfidentialityHigh
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityNone
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Affected Vendors & Products

lannerinc2 product(s)
iac-ast2500 firmwareiac-ast2500
Source: NVD CPE · 2 total CPE entries

Exploit & PoC Resources

NO KNOWN EXPLOITNo public exploit confirmed at this time
Exploit-DB
Offensive Security exploit database
GitHub PoC Search
Community PoC repositories
Rapid7 / Metasploit
Metasploit module search
PacketStorm
Security advisories & exploits
NVD Detail
Official NIST entry
MITRE CVE
CVE Program entry
External links open in a new tab. Always verify in a controlled environment before use.

Official Patches & Advisories

ADVISORYhttps://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/vulnerabilities-in-bmc-firmware-affect-ot-iot-device-security-part-1/
ADVISORYhttps://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories/cve-2021-4228/
ADVISORYhttps://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/vulnerabilities-in-bmc-firmware-affect-ot-iot-device-security-part-1/
ADVISORYhttps://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories/cve-2021-4228/

All References (4)

→
https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/vulnerabilities-in-bmc-firmware-affect-ot-iot-device-security-part-1/Third Party Advisory
→
https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories/cve-2021-4228/Third Party Advisory
→
https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/vulnerabilities-in-bmc-firmware-affect-ot-iot-device-security-part-1/Third Party Advisory
→
https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories/cve-2021-4228/Third Party Advisory

Quick Facts

CVE IDCVE-2021-4228
CVSS Score7.4 / 10
SeverityHIGH
WeaknessCWE-321
CISA KEVNo
Affected1 vendor(s)
PublishedOct 24, 2022

Related CVEs (CWE-321)

CVE-2024-30207
10.0
CVE-2016-9335
10.0
CVE-2014-5419
10.0
CVE-2024-35344
9.9
CVE-2023-22844
9.8
CVE-2025-12599
9.8

Recommended Actions

  • →Apply vendor patches immediately
  • →Monitor CVE-2021-4228 in threat intel feeds
  • →Review IDS/IPS signatures for exploitation attempts
Data sourced from NVD (NIST), CISA KEV, and EPSS (FIRST). Analysis generated by CTIWatch. CVE data is provided under the NVD usage policy.
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