Threat Intelligence Directory

DarkPink is an APT group that has been active since mid-2021, primarily targeting government, military, and non-profit organizations in Southeast Asia and Europe. The group employs spear phishing techniques, utilizing ISO images and malicious PDF files to deliver custom Trojan programs like TelePowerBot and KamiKakaBot for information theft. They have exploited vulnerabilities such as CVE-2023-38831 to enhance their attack processes and maintain persistence through DLL side-loading and scheduled tasks. DarkPink's operations are characterized by stealth and precision, making them a significant threat in the cyber landscape.

[DarkHydrus](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0079) is a threat group that has targeted government agencies and educational institutions in the Middle East since at least 2016. The group heavily leverages open-source tools and custom payloads for carrying out attacks. (Citation: Unit 42 DarkHydrus July 2018) (Citation: Unit 42 Playbook Dec 2017)

DarkGaboon is a financially motivated APT group that has been independently targeting Russian organizations since May 2023, primarily using phishing emails to deliver malware such as Revenge RAT and LockBit 3.0 ransomware. Their operations demonstrate advanced operational security practices, including the use of homoglyphs in file names and decoy documents sourced from legitimate Russian templates to evade detection. The group has shown a disciplined approach to updating their toolkit, with 369 unique files identified, and employs command-and-control infrastructure located outside Russia. DarkGaboon's linguistic proficiency in Russian suggests a deep understanding of the local context, enhancing the effectiveness of their phishing lures.

DarkCasino is an economically motivated APT group that targets online trading platforms, including cryptocurrencies, online casinos, network banks, and online credit platforms. They are skilled at stealing passwords to access victims' online accounts and have been active for over a year. DarkCasino exploits vulnerabilities, such as the WinRAR vulnerability CVE-2023-38831, to launch phishing attacks and steal online property.

Threat actor tracked by Malpedia.

Malicious campaign called DangerousSavanna has been targeting multiple major financial service groups in French-speaking Africa for the last two years. The threat actors behind this campaign use spear-phishing as a means of initial infection, sending emails with malicious attachments to the employees of financial institutions in at least five different French-speaking countries: Ivory Coast, Morocco, Cameroon, Senegal, and Togo. DangerousSavanna tends to install relatively unsophisticated software tools in the infected environments. These tools are both self-written and based on open-source projects such as Metasploit, PoshC2, DWservice, and AsyncRAT. The threat actors’ creativity is on display in the initial infection stage, as they persistently pursue the employees of the targeted companies, constantly changing infection chains that utilize a wide range of malicious file types, from self-written executable loaders and malicious documents, to ISO, LNK, JAR and VBE files in various combinations. The evolving infection chains by the threat actor reflect the changes in the threat landscape seen over the past few years as infection vectors became more and more sophisticated and diverse.

Dancing Salome is the Kaspersky codename for an APT actor with a primary focus on ministries of foreign affairs, think tanks, and Ukraine. What makes Dancing Salome interesting and relevant is the attacker’s penchant for leveraging HackingTeam RCS implants compiled after the public breach.

The group usually targets vulnerable servers to breach information including internal data from companies or encrypts files and demands money. Their targets of attack are usually Windows servers that are poorly managed or are not patched to the latest version. Besides these, there are also attack cases that targeted email servers or MS-SQL database servers.

Daixin is a threat actor group that has been active since at least June 2022. They primarily target the healthcare and public health sector with ransomware attacks, stealing sensitive data and threatening to release it if a ransom is not paid. They have successfully targeted various industries, including healthcare, aerospace, automotive, and packaged foods. Daixin gains initial access through VPN servers and exploits vulnerabilities or uses phishing attacks to obtain credentials. They have been responsible for cyberattacks on organizations such as the North Texas Municipal Water District and TransForm Shared Service Org, impacting their networks and stealing customer and patient information.

Operate since at least 2011, from several locations in China, with members in Korea and Japan as well. Possibly linked to Onion Dog. This threat actor targets government institutions, military contractors, maritime and shipbuilding groups, telecommunications operators, and others, primarily in Japan and South Korea.

Cyber Toufan is a threat actor group that has gained prominence for its cyberattacks targeting Israeli organizations. The group's tactics suggest potential nation-state backing, possibly from Iran. They have been involved in hack-and-leak operations, data breaches, and data destruction, impacting over 100 organizations. Cyber Toufan's activities align with geopolitical tensions in the Middle East and their attacks are characterized by a combination of technical breaches and psychological warfare.

The Cyber Partisans, a hacktivist group based in Belarus, has been involved in various cyber-attacks targeting organizations and infrastructure in Belarus and Ukraine. They have hacked and wiped the network of the Belarusian Telegraph Agency, targeted the Belarusian Red Cross, and conducted ransomware attacks on the Belarusian Railway and Belarusian State University. The group aims to expose alleged crimes committed by pro-government organizations and disrupt operations supporting the Russian military operation against Ukraine. They have also leaked stolen data to journalists and expressed support for Ukraine.

Threat actor tracked by Malpedia.

Threat actor tracked by Malpedia.

Threat actor tracked by Malpedia.

The hacktivist group ‘Cyber Av3ngers’ has historically claimed attacks on Israel’s critical infrastructures. It has been launching DDoS attacks and claiming breach of Israeli networks with supporting data leaks.

Threat actor tracked by Malpedia.

The Ukrainian Cyber Alliance is a pro-Ukraine hacktivist group formed in 2016, primarily targeting Russian entities since the invasion of Ukraine in 2022. They have claimed responsibility for significant cyberattacks, including the destruction of infrastructure at Russian internet provider Nodex and a breach of the microfinance company CarMoney, linked to Vladimir Putin's ex-wife. Their operations involve data destruction and disruption of IT infrastructure, utilizing techniques such as malware attacks and social engineering tactics. The group has positioned itself as a pro-military force, leveraging social media to communicate its activities and objectives.

CyberNiggers is a threat group known for breaching various organizations, including the US military, federal contractors, and multinational corporations like General Electric. Led by the prominent member IntelBroker, they specialize in selling access to compromised systems and stealing sensitive data, such as military files and personally identifiable information. The group has targeted a diverse portfolio of organizations, showcasing their strategic approach to gathering varied sets of information. Their activities raise concerns about national security, individual privacy, and the need for robust cybersecurity measures to mitigate the impact of cyber adversaries.

Cyber Anarchy Squad is a pro-Ukrainian hacktivist group known for targeting Russian companies and infrastructure. They have carried out cyberattacks on Russian telecom providers, financial institutions, and government agencies, causing disruptions to services and leaking stolen data. The group has used techniques such as wiping network equipment, defacing websites, and leaking sensitive documents to support their cause. Cyber Anarchy Squad has been active for at least four years, evolving from cyber-bullying to more sophisticated hacking activities.

One of the threat actors responsible for the denial of service attacks against U.S in 2012–2013. Three individuals associated with the group—believed to be have been working on behalf of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps—were indicted by the Justice Department in 2016.

Curly COMrades is a threat actor identified by Amazon Threat Intelligence and Bitdefender, believed to operate in support of Russian interests. They employ techniques such as Hyper-V abuse for EDR evasion and utilize proxy tools like Resocks, SSH, and Stunnel to gain access to internal networks. Their activities include repeated attempts to extract the NTDS database from domain controllers and establishing covert access through virtualization features on compromised Windows 10 machines.

Curious Gorge, a group TAG attributes to China's PLA SSF, has conducted campaigns against government and military organizations in Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia. The actor has remained active against government, military, logistics and manufacturing organizations in Ukraine, Russia and Central Asia. In Russia, long running campaigns against multiple government organizations have continued, including the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Over the past week, TAG identified additional compromises impacting multiple Russian defense contractors and manufacturers and a Russian logistics company.

Cuboid Sandstorm is an Iranian threat actor that targeted an Israel-based IT company in July 2021. They gained access to the company's network and used it to compromise downstream customers in the defense, energy, and legal sectors in Israel. The group also utilized custom implants, including a remote access Trojan disguised as RuntimeBroker.exe or svchost.exe, to establish persistence on victim hosts.

CRYSTALRAY is a threat actor known for leveraging open source tools like zmap and SSH-Snake to conduct widespread vulnerability scanning and exploitation. They target victims to collect and sell credentials, deploy cryptominers, and maintain persistence in compromised environments. CRYSTALRAY uses multiple backdoors to control access and spreads through victim networks using SSH-Snake. The actor also uses tools like Platypus for managing victims and extracting sensitive information from compromised systems.

CryptoChameleon is a cybercriminal group known for targeting cryptocurrency exchanges and users to steal digital assets, employing tactics such as VIP spear phishing, SIM swapping, and email hacks. They have leveraged phishing kits, including a notable one associated with LastPass, and utilize infrastructure from bulletproof host NICENIC. The group primarily targets platforms like Coinbase and Ledger, and their attacks are characterized by rapid cash-out efforts following successful breaches. Their operational methods include manually guiding victims through phishing pages to evade detection by automated scanners.

The Crimson Collective is a cybercrime group that claimed to have compromised Red Hat's private GitHub repositories in September 2025. The group asserted it had stolen 570GB of data from Red Hat's private GitHub repositories, including 28,000 projects and approximately 800 Customer Engagement Reports (CERs) containing sensitive network data. CERs often contain sensitive information including infrastructure details, configurations, and tokens that attackers could exploit to target customers' networks. The group shared proof of the breach on a Telegram channel, including a full file tree, CER list, and screenshots. The U.S.-based multinational software company confirmed the data breach but did not verify the Crimson Collective's claims. The group also claimed to have gained access to some of Red Hat's client infrastructure and stated they had warned the company but were ignored.

CoughingDown is a threat group attributed to various cyber campaigns, including the deployment of the EAGERBEE backdoor, which utilizes service manipulation and privilege escalation techniques. The group has been linked to malware infrastructure that abuses legitimate services like MSDTC, IKEEXT, and SessionEnv to load malicious DLLs, including oci.dll. Analysis of supply-chain attacks, particularly involving Trojanized packages, has revealed similarities between CoughingDown malware and post-compromise tools used in these incidents. Evidence such as consistent service creation and C2 domain overlap further supports the connection between EAGERBEE and CoughingDown.

Cotton Sandstorm is an Iranian threat actor involved in hack-and-leak operations. They have targeted various organizations, including the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, where they obtained and leaked personal information of over 200,000 customers. The group has been linked to the Iranian government and has been sanctioned by the US Treasury

[CostaRicto](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0132) is a suspected hacker-for-hire cyber espionage campaign that has targeted multiple industries worldwide since at least 2019. [CostaRicto](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0132)'s targets, a large portion of which are financial institutions, are scattered across Europe, the Americas, Asia, Australia, and Africa, with a large concentration in South Asia.(Citation: BlackBerry CostaRicto November 2020)

Cosmic Lynx is a Russia-based BEC cybercriminal organization that has significantly impacted the email threat landscape with sophisticated, high-dollar phishing attacks.

CosmicBeetle is a threat actor known for deploying the ScRansom ransomware, which has replaced its previous variant, Scarab. The actor utilizes a custom toolset called Spacecolon, consisting of ScHackTool, ScInstaller, and ScService, to gain initial access through RDP brute forcing and exploiting vulnerabilities like CVE-2020-1472 and FortiOS SSL-VPN. CosmicBeetle has been observed impersonating the LockBit ransomware gang to leverage its reputation and has shown a tendency to leave artifacts on compromised systems. The group primarily targets SMBs globally, employing techniques such as credential dumping and data destruction.

Threat actor tracked by Malpedia.

CoralRaider is a financially motivated threat actor of Vietnamese origin, targeting victims in Asian and Southeast Asian countries since at least 2023. They use the RotBot loader family and XClient stealer to steal victim information, with hardcoded Vietnamese words in their payloads. CoralRaider operates from Hanoi, Vietnam, and uses a Telegram bot as a C2 channel for their malicious campaigns. Their activities include system reconnaissance, data exfiltration, and targeting victims in multiple countries in the region.

[CopyKittens](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0052) is an Iranian cyber espionage group that has been operating since at least 2013. It has targeted countries including Israel, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, the U.S., Jordan, and Germany. The group is responsible for the campaign known as Operation Wilted Tulip.(Citation: ClearSky CopyKittens March 2017)(Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017)(Citation: CopyKittens Nov 2015)

The title ‘Copy-paste compromises’ is derived from the actor’s heavy use of tools copied almost identically from open source given by The Australian Government.

Confucius is an APT organization funded by India. It has been carrying out cyber attacks since 2013. Its main targets are India's neighbouring countries such as Pakistan and China. It has a strong interest in targets in the fields of military, government and energy.

Threat actor Common Raven has been actively targeting financial sector institutions, compromising their SWIFT payment infrastructure to send out fraudulent payments.

ComicForm is an emerging cyber threat actor tracked since at least April 2025, specializing in targeted phishing campaigns against organizations in Eurasian countries including Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia, often in sectors like banking, production, and critical infrastructure. The group deploys FormBook infostealer malware via sophisticated loaders: an obfuscated .NET executable unpacks MechMatrix Pro.dll, which decrypts and executes Montero.dll dropper in memory to deliver FormBook, establishing persistence through scheduled tasks and antivirus exclusions while evading detection. Malware binaries uniquely embed Tumblr links to innocuous comic superhero GIFs (e.g., Batman), from which the actor derives its name, alongside phishing lures themed around recruitment, quotes, or production facilities using Russian free email services like Rivet_kz. Active through at least September 2025 with no confirmed overlaps to other actors like pro-Russian SectorJ149 despite concurrent Eurasian operations, ComicForm demonstrates proficiency in commodity malware customization and regional targeting.

In short, “Cold River” is a sophisticated threat (actor) that utilizes DNS subdomain hijacking, certificate spoofing, and covert tunneled command and control traffic in combination with complex and convincing lure documents and custom implants.