APT / THREAT GROUP

Vetta Loader

aliases

Last seen:Mar 17, 2026

Intelligence Profile

Vetta Loader is a persistent Loader spreading with infected USB drives. It downloads other components leveraging legit hosting services.

https://yoroi.company/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/202311-Vetta-Loader_Def-min.pdf

Threat Analysis

Vetta Loader is a known-sophistication threat actor of undetermined national origin, engaged in cyber operations with a primary motivation of unknown activity patterns.

External References

→https://fortgale.com/blog/featured/nebula-broker-offensive-operations-italy/

→https://www.googlecloudcommunity.com/gc/Community-Blog/Finding-Malware-Detecting-EMPTYSPACE-with-Google-Security

→https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/unc4990-evolution-usb-malware

→https://yoroi.company/en/research/unveiling-vetta-loader-a-custom-loader-hitting-italy-and-spread-through-infected-usb-drives/

Quick Facts

TypeAPT / Threat Group

Aliases4

Also Known As

BrokerLoaderEMPTYSPACEVetta Loaderwin.vetta_loader

External Intelligence

Malpedia: win.vetta_loader

Research Links

MITRE ATT&CK VirusTotal Google (news) Twitter/X search

Data sourced from Malpedia, Ransomware.live, RansomLook, and CTIWATCH OSINT collection. Actor attribution is based on available intelligence and may be incomplete.

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