APT / THREAT GROUP🕵️ ESPIONAGEADVANCED

I2PRAT

3
aliases
Last seen:Mar 17, 2026

Intelligence Profile

According to Cofense, this malware is notable for having several unique tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), such as Secure Email Gateway (SEG) evasion by proxying emails through legitimate infrastructure, fake CAPTCHAs, abusing hardcoded Windows functionality to hide dropped files, and C2 capabilities over Invisible Internet Project (I2P), a peer-to-peer anonymous network with end-to-end encryption. Upon installation, I2Parcae is capable of disabling Windows Defender, enumerating Windows Security Accounts Manager (SAM) for accounts/groups, stealing browser cookies, and remote access to infected hosts. As of November 2024, I2Parcae appears to be delivered via automated spam messages targeting customer support contact forms on multiple websites. The messages deliver an embedded link purporting to be pornography.

Threat Analysis

I2PRAT is a advanced-sophistication threat actor of undetermined national origin, engaged in cyber operations with a primary motivation of espionage.

The group's espionage-oriented operations suggest a state-sponsored or state-aligned mandate, typically focused on stealing intellectual property, government secrets, or military intelligence. Targets are usually selected for strategic value rather than financial gain.

Classified as an advanced threat actor, I2PRAT likely develops or acquires zero-day exploits, employs custom malware toolchains, and demonstrates long-term persistence capabilities — hallmarks of a well-resourced operation consistent with nation-state backing.

External References

Quick Facts

TypeAPT / Threat Group
Motivation🕵️ espionage
Sophisticationadvanced
Aliases3

Also Known As

I2PRATwin.i2pratI2Parcae

External Intelligence

Malpedia: win.i2prat

Research Links

Data sourced from Malpedia, Ransomware.live, RansomLook, and CTIWATCH OSINT collection. Actor attribution is based on available intelligence and may be incomplete.